Duchy of Guelders: Pre- and Post-Partition

 

Duchy of Guelders

 

• Simplified country name: Guelders
• Nation: Spanish Netherlands
• Chronology
  • ~1100: Created as a nonsovereign county that administered the territory of other countries
  • 1339: Promoted to a duchy and divided into four quarters (an “upper quarter” that extended into Germany and three “lower quarters” in what is now the Gelderland province of the Netherlands), after acquiring substantial sovereign territory (1)
  • 1473: Conquered by the Burgundians
  • 1477: Upon the military defeat of the Burgundians, sovereignty disputed between original rulers and the Habsburgs
  • 1492: Dispute settled in favor of the original rulers
  • 1538: Acquired by Markians upon the extinction of the original Geldern line
  • 1543: Ceded to the Habsburgs following the military defeat of the Markians
  • 1556: Guelders and the rest of the Netherlands enter into personal union with Spain/beginning of database
  • 1579: Diminished when the three lower quarters join the Netherlandic Republic
  • 1713: Terminated when the upper quarter was partitioned after the War of Spanish succession
• Successors (2)
  • Duchy of Guelders(-Geldern)
  • Duchy of Guelders(-Roermond)
  • Duchy of Guelders(-Erkelenz)
  • Netherlandic Republic

 

(1) Specifically, the quarters were formed as follows:

• An upper (southern) quarter consisting of territory around Geldern (in modern Germany) and Roermond (in the modern Netherlands).
• Three lower (northern) quarters, each centered on one of the following cities in the modern Netherlands:
  • Arnhem
  • Nijmegen
  • Zutphen

(2) The three successor countries did not actually have unique names. I have attached the main city in each to the names to distinguish them from one another. In addition to the three successor countries, a fourth section of the upper quarter became the state of Obergeldern within the United Netherlands. (It’s status was more that of a territory than a state.) It is entirely excluded from the database.

 

 

Duchy of Guelders(-Geldern)

 

• Simplified country name: Guelders-Geldern
• Nation: Kingdom of Prussia
• Predecessor: Duchy of Guelders
• Chronology
  • 1713: Created
  • 1794: Occupied by France/end of database

 

Duchy of Guelders(-Roermond)

 

• Simplified country name: Guelders-Roermond
• Nation: Austrian Netherlands
• Predecessor: Duchy of Guelders
• Choronology
  • 1713: Created
  • 1794: Occupied by France/end of database

 

Duchy of Guelders(-Erkelenz)

 

• Simplified country name: Guelders-Erkelenz
• Nation: Wittelsbachian Germany
• Predecessor: Duchy of Guelders
• Choronology
  • 1713: Created (3)
  • 1794: Occupied by France/end of database

 

(3) Guelders-Erkelenz was administered as if it were part of the Duchy of Jülich, but I ignore that for naming purposes.